International Sports Sciences Association (ISSA) Trainer Practice Exam

What is considered a predominant contributing factor to heart disease?

1. Too much saturated fat

2. Too much exercise

3. Too little sleep

4. Too much carbohydrates

The correct answer is: Too much saturated fat

The prime factor contributing to heart disease lies in the consumption of saturated fat. Diets excessively high in saturated fats can lead to elevated levels of LDL cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. This increase in LDL can result in plaque buildup in the arteries, causing them to narrow and restricting blood flow. Over time, this condition can lead to serious cardiovascular issues, including heart attacks and strokes. While other choices may influence heart health, they do not have the same direct and significant impact on the development of heart disease as high saturated fat intake. For example, while too little sleep can contribute to various health problems, its relationship with heart disease is indirect and often linked to other factors, such as obesity and stress. Similarly, excessive exercise is generally viewed as beneficial for heart health, and while an imbalance may lead to other issues, it is not a predominant risk factor. High carbohydrate intake can also be a concern, especially if the carbohydrates are refined or high in sugars, but those do not specifically target heart disease to the extent that saturated fats do.